Back in June, I predicted that Trump might end up winning because, among other factors, of the damage done to Clinton’s campaign by Bernie Sanders. I was right, even though I will admit that Sanders’s quixotic quest for the nomination was not the only factor. Hillary was clearly a flawed candidate, and the Democratic party should have done a better job of choosing its nominee. And most importantly, once again we see, as with Brexit, a collective failure of the commentariat and the pollsters to predict the outcome. As I write this, I listen to a Danish politician admitting that “we (meaning the established political class) communicate on a completely different frequency” that simply does not reach the people who voted for Trump. A lot of people–the Democratic and Republican establishments, the leading commentators, the pollsters and analysts–all of them have a very rotten egg on their faces.
But this slight sense of Schadenfreude cannot hide the deep depression I feel as I write this. The election of Trump is an even greater disaster than Brexit. It will affect the most powerful country in the world deeply and steer it in the wrong direction, even if Trump only delivers on a fraction of his election promises. He may only be President for four years, but even then the damage will be lasting. The damage to international relations; the misery at home; the reactionary Supreme Court justices he will appoint–those will endure.
The irony is of course that the people who elected Trump will be among those who will suffer the most from policies like the upcoming abolition of the Affordable Care Act. That they voted for him is an expression of the same nihilism that led to Brexit: a feeling among wide segments of the population that the established political system has let them down, that they have been left behind by globalisation, and that they have nothing to lose by “shaking things up.” This is related to my previous post. Unless the issues identified there are addressed, there will be many more Trump-like results in 2017. I wonder how President Le Pen will get along with President Trump…
I have been meaning to write a post about the state of economics for some time. For many years, I have been unhappy about the increasingly abstract articles in the most prestigious journals (e.g. the American Economic Review, Journal of Political Economy etc.). My PhD is from 1991; yet, today, I do not understand most papers published in those journals. The level of mathematics required to read them is simply beyond me. So we have a group of people publishing for a narrow circle of like-minded academics with absolutely no impact on public policy.
This general malaise is not new, and others have complained about it as well. And of course there are exceptions, people like Paul Krugman or Thomas Piketty or Joseph Stiglitz who write about real world problems in an understandable manner, but still based on rigorous analysis of empirical data and on sound theoretical foundations and methods.
No, what prompts me to write this particular post at this particular time is the increasing influence of populist parties and movements in the Western world. Whether you look at countries where the crisis hit hard, like Spain or Greece, or those where it had much less impact, like the UK or Scandinavia or the USA, you see different expressions of the same phenomenon: an almost nihilistic rejection of the established order, as expressed by Podemos in Spain, Syriza in Greece, the Freedom Party in Austria, the Front National in France, the Brexit vote in the UK and the rise of Donald Trump in the US…I could go on, but the picture is clear: increasingly, large groups of voters in Western democracies are voting for parties (whether on the left or on the right) that promise easy solutions to complex problems and that feed on the general sense of betrayal felt by those voters.
So, who are those voters and why do they feel betrayed? A big part of the answer lies in the globalisation that we have experienced in the past few decades and the failure of the political system to deal with its consequences. The Economist had an interesting article about this in early July, summarising the work of economists such as Dani Rodrick of Harvard, who question the consensus about the inevitability of globalisation and free trade.
Let us take a step back, to the birth of the economics profession in the late 18th century and early 19th century. The two significant names are of course Adam Smith who explained how society gets richer if everyone focuses on work that s/he is particularly good at and on the importance of the profit motive (“It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own self-interest.”); and David Ricardo, who took Smith’s analysis further and extended it to international trade.
Adam Smith is often regarded as an ultra-liberalist who advocated a minimalist state, letting Darwinian capitalism rule otherwise. This is a complete misunderstanding of his ideas. In The Wealth of Nations he recognises that business owners will team up to take advantage of the consumer if the government does not prevent them from doing so, and more generally, there are many quotes in his writings to which progressives can sign up to without reservations. For example, the following two quotes clearly show that Smith was concerned about inequality and was in favour of a progressive tax system:
“No society can surely be flourishing and happy of which by far the greater part of the numbers are poor and miserable.”
“It is not very unreasonable that the rich should contribute to the public expense, not only in proportion to their revenue, but something more than in that proportion.”
In his 1817 book, On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, Ricardo formalised many of Smith’s concepts and formulated the main principle of international trade theory. Using a simple example of two countries and two goods, he showed that even if one country is better at producing everything than another country, both countries are still better off if they trade, with each country specialising in the products where its superiority is relatively greatest (this is what we call “comparative advantage”). By doing that, consumers in both countries get at least as much of each of the two goods than they do in a situation without trade. This fundamental insight is behind all subsequent trade theory. Later researchers have developed the theory further to take into account various complicating factors from the real world, but the principle of comparative advantage remains the basis of the economics of international trade.
So, if trade (and the associated globalisation of supply chains, finance, etc.) benefits everyone, how come large portions of the electorate are turning against it? The latest WTO-sponsored round of international trade talks, the Doha Round, which began in 2001, is basically dead, and the future of other major trade deals, such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership, the Trans-Atlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) and even the EU-Canada free trade agreement is in doubt. I will argue that at least part of the answer is the intellectual failure of the economics profession to deal with the real world consequences of globalisation.
When we economists say that trade and globalisation benefits society, what we really mean is that in aggregate, society benefits. As consumers, we all benefit from the lower prices we pay for our electronics, for instance, now that manufacturing of such things takes place mainly in low-cost countries, first and foremost China. But it does not mean that everyone benefits. Clearly, there are losers–namely the workers who lose their jobs because making stuff in rich countries is too expensive when competing against the likes of China. This is not new. We have known it all along. The implicit assumption behind the near unanimous support for trade liberalisation among economists is that the winners compensate the losers. In other words: since the aggregate gain from trade is positive, there is room for the winners to compensate the losers and still be better off. This is undeniably true on the level of calculation. Unfortunately, in the real world, the losers have not been compensated. Instead, the winners simply keep the gains to themselves and smugly tell the unemployed steel worker that he must acquire new skills so that he can perform the higher value-added tasks that are needed in the new economy.
With a few exceptions, we have ignored the rise in inequality since the 1970s. Until recently, the only people who worried about it were inconsequential left wingers. Today, the situation is changing. Even the quentessential establishment organisation OECD, often referred to as “the club of rich countries”, is increasingly concerned about inequality and its social consequences. Hopefully, during the coming years this concern will lead to some policy changes. But meanwhile, out there in the real world, those people who have not gained from the economic changes of the past decade have concluded that they have nothing to lose and are rejecting the established order. They are doing it in diffuse ways. This is not an organised revolutionary movement of the sort Marx would have imagined. Sometimes the anger is expressed on the left, as in Spain or Greece; sometimes on the right, as in France; and sometimes in ways that are completely nihilistic and impossible to fit into the left-right catorisation, such as the rise of Donald Trump in the US or the vote to leave the EU in the UK. What these political forces have in common, however, is a desire to turn inwards and even to reverse globalisation, exemplified by Trump’s promise to cancel the North American Free Trade Agreement with Canada and Mexico, to deport 11 million illegal immigrants and to build the wall on the US-Mexico border. Whether or not he will be able to carry out these promises if elected is irrelevant; what is important is that the people who vote for him, or a large proportion of them, anyway, either believe in these promises or at least are looking to Trump to “shake things up”, whatever that might mean.
So I finish with a plea to my fellow economists: worry less about equations and more about describing and analysing the real world, including the political consequences of economic developments. I, for one, am no longer convinced that globalisation, given the political context, has been a good thing.
This is a year of three important elections (possibly more, but these are the three that I truly care about): the Brexit vote in the UK on June 23rd; the Spanish general election on June 26th; and the US presidential election in November. All three votes have something in common: a large proportion of the voters will decide their vote based on emotions, and in all three cases the results will be disastrous.
In the UK referendum, it seems this morning, with just over a week to go, that the LEAVE side might win. The people who vote this way do so for a variety of reasons, of course: some genuinely dislike the EU, rail against the “Brussels bureaucracy” and really think that the UK would be better off on its own. This is a fantasy. Still others (and I believe this is the majority among the LEAVE camp) are voting based on a vague fear of globalisation, of foreigners, of immigration–even if those things have little or nothing to do with the EU. The end result might well be that the UK votes to leave the EU, with grave economic and geopolitical consequences for itself (including a likely breakup of the UK as Scotland will surely hold another referendum on independence) and for the rest of Europe. Because regardless of this vote, geography will not change, and however much the Little Englanders dislike it, the UK is part of Europe.
Then the Spanish election three days later. Again, large numbers of people will vote for the new left-wing Podemos party, probably pushing the social democrats PSOE into third place. The people voting for Podemos have the idea that the two big parties on the left will then come together to form a governing coalition. This is another fantasy. In this scenario, the PSOE should accept that the larger partner, Podemos, gets the prime minister post. They will never accept it; nor can PSOE ever accept the Podemos line on Catalan independence. So the most likely result of the many Podemos votes will be that PSOE will abstain in the vote on government formation, allowing Rajoy and his reactionary and corrupt Partido Popular to continue governing. Surely this is not the outcome the Podemos voters want, but this is what they will get.
And finally, the US presidential election. Here, once again, we have millions of people who support Bernie Sanders in his hopeless quest to become the Democratic nominee. In the past I have had a lot of sympathy for Sanders. I certainly agree with many of his policies, much more so than with those of the other candidates. But sadly, Sanders is unelectable–he is simply too far to the left for most Americans (as opposed to Democratic primary voters). By continuing his campaign as long as he has, Sanders has accomplished only one thing: he has damaged his party’s nominee, Hillary Clinton, to such an extent that what used to be a comfortable lead for her over Donald Trump has now become a dead heat. So once again, by voting with their hearts rather than their heads, the Sanders supporters have probably accomplished only this: Donald Trump is the next president of the US. Surely this is not what you intended, my friends??
The year began with both children here, a rare pleasure now that they live on opposite sides of the Atlantic.
But soon after this picture was taken, I found myself in Madrid airport, saying goodbye to Moses.
Lars came to visit as he does every January, and we spent a couple of days in Barcelona. We met up with my friend Lluis.
We looked at art, at the Joan Miró Foundation and elsewhere.
It was a very nice trip, although it ended on a sour note: Lars’s rental car was broken into and our backpacks were stolen while we were out and about during the day on Sunday. We did not lose our photo gear, since we had that with us, but I did lose my laptop and iPad, a major headache. And this was in a supposedly guarded parking garage on Plaça Catalunya!
Monica was still here, so we did some things together, including eating at L’Indret, a vegan restaurant in the centre with an awesome salad bar.
And of course Lars treated us to a delicious evening meal at home.
But then it was time to say goodbye to Monica as well, as she headed back to Cardiff for the spring semester.
After Monica’s departure, Lars and I engaged in one of our two shared passions, cycling (the other is photography). One day we climbed the Puerto de la Carrasqueta, one of the mountain passes in the Alicante area which sometimes features in the Vuelta a España bicycle race.
I finish January with a portrait of our dear Cheeta. The pets have aged during 2015 (who hasn’t?) but they are still with us to love and to cuddle.
February is usually a quiet month for us, and this year was no exception. We got together with friends.
I continued to feed the cats that live on the golf course.
And on February 14th, our own Taco turned 15 and received his serving of tuna.
Later in the month, I had a brief business trip to Mannheim, a city I had not visited before. It was cold and rainy.
On the last day of February, we visited our friends Carmen and Hilarión in Almoradí. As always, it was a day of friendship, delicious food and relaxation amid the orange trees.
In early March, we took advantage of Moses’s weeklong business trip to England and met up with him and with Monica in London. We arrived on the 6th, and Monica came by train from Cardiff. It was nice to be together again. We took Monica to one of my favourite pubs, the Chandos near Trafalgar Square.
The next day, Moses flew in the from US. He was tired but we spent the whole day out and about in the great city, including having some fun at the Southbank book market.
As always, we ate well, and we did not go thirsty either.
Back in Alicante, we went to visit friends whose little dog had a rash and therefore had to wear a “lamp shade” to keep him from licking it.
Later in the month, I had yet another trip to Brussels, a city I visit often in connection with my work. This time I was there for St. Patrick’s Day. The City Hall on Grand’ Place was illuminated green for the occasion.
As usual, I went for a beer at Poechenellekelder, my favourite watering hole.
And later I got together with a visiting fellow photographer from England for a pint of Guinness at the Six Nations pub.
Then back home for a couple of days of rest with Aixa and the pets.
And then it was time for another business trip, this time to Geneva, for a meeting at the World Intellectual Property Organisation, a UN body based there.
We celebrated Aixa’s birthday with a party at our place. By late March it is nice and warm in Alicante, and our back terrace, adjacent to the den, is a perfect venue for this kind of thing.
On March 31st, I had an all-day meeting at the OECD in Paris. I took advantage and flew to Paris already on Sunday morning so that I could visit my cousin Francis whom I had not seen for 5 years. We went for a relaxed bicycle ride along the Seine.
Later, during dinner, we were joined by Francis’s daughter Iris who is now an 18-year old young lady.
As always, I enjoyed the magnificent sights of the city.
But then it was back to work, and I spent all of Tuesday at the OECD headquarters. Afterwards, I had a drink with Piotr, a Polish economist at the OECD.
April began with Semana Santa, the week of religious processions which culminate on Easter Sunday. I always enjoy these events because of the photographic opportunities they provide.
The high point of April was my first ever trip to Latvia–in fact, it was my first trip to any of the three Baltic countries. Latvia held the rotating EU presidency during the first half of 2015, and so certain institutional meetings that we organise every spring were held in Riga. I really loved the city.
We have a very good working and personal relationship with our Latvian colleagues, especially Linda (on the right) who had basically organised the entire 3-day event from their side.
Linda had arranged a truly wonderful evening for us, dinner at Folkklubs Ala Pagras, a restaurant with traditional Latvian food and traditional Latvian dancing.
From Riga I flew to Copenhagen to visit my parents’ graves and my childhood friend Beata, here lounging with her children.
The Japanese cherry trees at Langelinie, close to the Little Mermaid, were in full bloom.
And then it was on to Brussels for some more work-related meetings, but also an opportunity to help open a photo exhibition by members of Viewfinders, a photography club in Brussels to which I have belonged since we lived there in the 1990s. Our exhibition was at Halles St-Géry, a great location in the centre of Brussels. I participated with two images.
In early May, something truly joyous happened. Both my American and my French families came to visit! Here are the two senior men of the global Wajsman clan, uncle Zev from Florida and uncle Joseph from France.
One of our traditions is to play an international match of pétanque, a game at which Joseph of course excels.
The American side provided stiff resistance…
…but in the end, France prevailed.
The elder Wajsmans flew off to Israel from Madrid, but first I took them to Toledo, a city not far from Madrid which is one of Spain’s most interesting places to visit. It is a place where the pre-1492 Jewish and Moorish culture is very much in evidence, of course along with the now dominant Catholicism. All this gave rise to many interesting, serious and not-so-serious conversations.
Late in May, the Miracle of the Cactus happened again. A bit of background: when my mother died in 2001, I took one of her beloved plants, a round cactus, to Switzerland (where I lived at the time). Later, the cactus moved with us to the Netherlands, and in 2007 to Spain. The Spanish climate apparently suits it well, because after a couple of years of living here, it has started blooming a couple of times a year.
Also in May, the younger generations of US and French Wajsmans came to visit–my cousin Nicole from Brussels and Renata from Florida, with assorted offspring. It was great to have them all here.
We put the young ones to work at the BBQ.
And I still fed the golf course cats.
On the last day of May, I cycled to Puerto de Tudons, one of the most challenging rides around here.
In early June, we got together with our Spanish friends to watch “el clásico”: Real Madrid vs. Barcelona.
Later that month, I went to Denmark to spend a week in my hometown with Lars. His daughter Klara works part-time in Den Gamle By (“the old town”), an outdoor museum of life in the 19th century. She has to dress in 19th century clothing and becomes Jensine.
Lars and I spent two days cycling in Jutland. It was very intense, 250 km the first day and 266 km the second day.
Denmark has a lot of water which means that often you have to take as small ferry like this one to cross a fjord.
Towards the end of the first day, a selfie somewhere in western Jutland. My lip is swollen due to an insect bite.
After a long day, we have arrived at Klitmøller on the west coast of Jutland where Lars had reserved a bed & breakfast for the night. We found a place to have a much needed dinner.
The next day was really hard. It was cold and rainy for the first several hours. Utter misery. Lars is wringing his socks which have become totally water-logged.
But the weather improved and we made it back to Aarhus before it got dark. It helps that it does not get dark in Denmark until 10 p.m. in June.
Later in the week, I attended the midsummer celebrations on the beach in Aarhus. It is a very traditional Danish celebration, going back to the pre-Christian era.
Then Lars and I drove to Berlin and spent a few days there, hosted by his friend Dominique.
We also did some sight-seeing, including a visit to the former Stasi headquarters, now a museum.
Back in Aarhus, we were visited by Lars’s daughter Marie, along with Lauge, Lars’s first grandchild.
We also visited Aros, the local art museum, one of the best in the world.
And we took pictures, including my portrait of Lars, inspired by Helmut Newton’s famous portrait of Stravinsky.
On July 2nd, we had the last wine tasting at the office before the summer break.
Then we had our friend Iñaki’s birthday party.
July and August are lazy months. The heat of the Alicante summer means that both people and animals spend most of their time lounging around.
Monica was home for the summer. She has recently developed a taste of beer, in particular Belgian fruity beers such as Mort Subite.
At the office, we had a festive luncheon to say goodbye to a departing colleague and to usher in the summer vacation.
Then August arrived. I continued my cycling in the mountains around Alicante. This is the kind of landscape that I traverse on two wheels.
Every year, EU employees have a medical checkup, part of which is an urine sample. I always try to inject a note of humour into the procedure.
We were going to the US to visit Moses for 3 weeks. Instead of putting the dog and cat in the usual pet hotel, we arranged for my sister and brother-in-law to come and house- and pet-sit during our absence. Here they are, arriving at Alicante airport from Poland.
Before flying off to the US, I took Irka and Telesfor for lunch at our favourite beach eatery, Hostal Maruja in La Marina.
Then we flew to Philadelphia, rented a car and drove to Lansdale, where Moses was staying. On the way we stopped to buy a few things at a drug store. It was nice to be together again.
And the babies (who are no longer babies) are together again!
Philadelphia is a great city, with its history, its monuments…and its vegan pizza!
It also has great bookshops. A proper bookshop needs one or more cats, and this one, near the Barnes Foundation, ticked all the boxes.
One of the really great things about Philadelphia is that my friend Jim and his husband John live there. They are great guys in many respects, and they have the coolest car of any of my friends.
They treated us to dinner in a Brazilian restaurant, transporting us there in this magnificent driving machine.
The food at the restaurant was great, but the company was even better.
Jim, as always, told funny stories. I think this one involved a woman with large breasts.
And then there was dessert…
Another Philadelphia delight we discovered was the Barnes Foundation.
A few days later, we drove to Montreal, the first visit there for all of us. We arrived tired and hungry but fortunately there was a Korean restaurant near our hotel.
Montreal is a wonderful, multicultural city, where you can get sushi even in the metro.
There are lots of cool neighbourhoods in Montreal.
We visited Montreal’s cathedral where the children lit candles for their grandmother.
And we tasted some nice locally brewed beer.
Just before driving back to Philadelphia, we visited the iconic park at the top of the hill. Moses and Monica assumed the American Gothic pose.
Back in the USA, we visited the part of New Jersey where we lived in the early 1990s and where Monica was born. This is the bridge across the Delaware River which forms the border between New Jersey and Pennsylvania.
We walked around Princeton, the town where Monica was born.
August 13th is Aixa’s and mine wedding anniversary, and we celebrated it with the children at a nice restaurant in Doylestown.
We also went to Washington for a day, with a visit to the Holocaust museum the first item on the agenda.
I have been there before, but not Aixa and the children. We had an important mission; Moses took with him one of my late father’s war medals and we photographed him with it in the Hall of Remembrance.
And I made sure to pass by the exhibit that always makes me so proud of my beloved country.
A boat used to ferry Jews from Denmark to Sweden during the rescue in October 1943.
We also visited the monuments on the Mall.
Back in Pennsylvania, we visited Amish country. The town of Intercourse is quite touristy.
We also went to see a Phillies game, just as we had gone to see the Yankees during our 2014 visit to New York. Sadly, the Phillies were quite inept, and we left during the 7th inning, secure in the knowledge that the game was decided.
In Moses’s apartment in Lansdale, Monica is doing some exercise, following directions on her computer screen.
We then flew down to Florida to visit uncle Zev and the rest of the family there.
It was wonderful to be together with our Florida family. A highlight of the trip. Zev and Alina treat Monica and Moses as if they were their grandchildren.
My cousin Renata with one of Ilan’s doggies.
We stayed one night with Ilan in Jacksonville, and then moved on to Zev and Alina in Jacksonville Beach. In the morning, this is the view from their back porch.
My cousin Dan who lives in California keeps a bicycle at his parents’ place, so I was able to do a proper ride, about 100 km to St. Augustine and back. The coastal route A1A is not the most exciting cycling road, but I still enjoyed it.
On the way back, I met another cyclist, a nice man from Alabama. We had a chat outside a convenience store where we had stopped for a drink and a snack. And I got him to take a picture of me.
We spent the last few days of the US trip at a hotel in Philadelphia, since Moses had moved out of the Lansdale apartment. He works a lot on the road, like this.
On the last Saturday night, my two children went out in Philadelphia. Monica got nicely dressed for the occasion.
We spent one of the last days in Philly walking around the Reading Terminal Market, an utterly wonderful place.
We walked to Rittenhouse Square, where a farmers market was taking place. We had a chat with this nice couple from Lawrenceville, NJ, the town where we lived for five years.
We walked through the gay neighbourhood.
And to top off a great day, we happened upon the Naked Bike Ride.
And then it was time to say our goodbyes and to fly back to Spain. September was around the corner, which meant return to work.
Back home, we were greeted by my sister and brother-in-law who had been house- and pet-sitting while we were in the US. A win-win-win situation, for them, for the pets, and for us.
And then, just a couple of days later, I was off to Scotland to attend a conference at the University of Glasgow. I was very pleased with this, as I am one of the few people who actually prefer Glasgow over Edinburgh. After arriving and checking in at my hotel, I walked to the other side of town, to the Brewdog pub (the mothership of Brewdog pubs, so to speak) to meet up with a former trainee and consultant in my team, Antanina, who is now doing her PhD in Italy.
And then I spent most of the next couple of days at the university.
Glasgow has a rich history, and the main gate of the university has the names of famous alumni. Since I am an economist, none is more important than this one.
On the last day of my stay in Scotland, I rented a car and drove north from Glasgow. It is an incredibly beautiful country, and I intend to return soon.
I stopped for lunch at a famous restaurant by the shore of the lake of the same name, and had the best oysters in my life.
Just over a week later, I was back in the UK, but this time further south. Monica was going on a placement at a hospital in North Wales, and I accompanied her there. We flew to Liverpool and spent the first night there, having a good time, including a visit to the local Brewdog pub.
The next day we enjoyed Liverpool some more. The city is home to two of my lifelong passions, Liverpool Football Club and The Beatles. Both are much in evidence, from the moment you land.
We did some shopping in the Liverpool One shopping centre. Our kind of shopping.
And Monica had something or other done to her eyebrows at one of the department stores.
And we ate well too, at Wagamama, a favourite for both of us.
But then it was Sunday morning and it was time to head west in our rented car, to the town of Bodelwyddan. It is a very small town with a very big hospital, where Monica was going to spend the next three months. To say that this is a rural area is an understatement. Here is Monica with one of the neighbours.
But the house turned out to be very nice, and Monica shared with a lovely young doctor, working at the same hospital (which was just a few hundred metres away).
In the second half of September, I had a meeting of an international group of photographer friends in Barcelona. This is a group that originally met through the internet but have since become friends in real life, and we get together occasionally. As usual, we met in Barcelona, with my good friend Lluis as the host. Here he is (on the left) at our customary restaurant, El Julivert Meu, with Geoff from Australia. As I said, this is a very international group.
Here I converse with the lovely Mariela, a friend of Lluis’ in Barcelona.
The ancient Catalan art of drinking wine from a porrón was demonstrated by the natives and attempted by the rest with varying degrees of success.
At the end of the evening, stained shirts and all, a group photo outside the restaurant. The people in this picture live in Spain, Australia, France and the USA, and between them probably have at least 7-8 different citizenships.
Back at work in Alicante. A new restaurant called Moments has opened on the beach just a few minutes drive from our office, and it has quickly become a favourite among my colleagues. I took my team for lunch there one day in late September.
I finished September in Brussels, a city where I go so often (for work reasons) that it feels almost like a second home. The fact that I lived there in the 1990s helps, of course. I am always struck by how seriously the Belgians take their comics. I know of no other airport in the world which is decorated with Tintin artifacts.
I had a free afternoon, and I walked to the European Parliament where some vegan activists were giving out free food. As an economist, one of my mantras is that “there is no free lunch” but in this case there was. The main esplanade at the Parliament is named after Poland’s Solidarity movement which was one of the main forces behind the liberation of Eastern Europe in 1989.
The vegan food was being cooked on a truly industrial scale.
This nice lady showed me around and explained the political agenda to me. I always enjoy seeing the various demos and other happenings around the EU institutions in Brussels. One can get cynical about things sometimes, but this is real democracy in action.
One of the pleasures of visiting Brussels is to walk through Parc Cinquantenaire. This time, they were getting ready for celebrations of the 25th anniversary of German re-unification.
Back home, I went to an interesting photo exhibition in the cultural centre of El Campello, called Tales from Lemuria, a strange and wonderful fantasy world created by photographer Mitar Terzic. I got him to pose for me with one of his images.
I continued my almost daily cycling. In El Campello, just one km from the beach, one encounters a completely different world.
Aixa has taken up golf in a big way, and spends many days on the course.
On October 13th, my sister turned 70. To celebrate the round birthday with her, we flew to Wrocław for the weekend. The day before, we left Cheeta in the good hands of the people at Canicat, the doggie hotel we always use.
Wrocław has become a nice, dynamic city since 1989. This is the view of the Ronald Reagan Circle from my sister’s balcony.
My sister and brother-in-law are both in their 70s now but they are keeping well.
Irka had made my favourite Polish dish, bigos. This is simple, delicious food.
Aixa and I really enjoyed Wrocław despite the usual autumn weather.
Then it was back to work. In late October we hosted a big meeting with participants from all EU member states and other organisations. As always, one of the evenings was devoted to a nice dinner, and I had the opportunity to meet my friend Linda from Latvia again.
The following weekend, I had the pleasure to visit Oktoberfest in the sunshine, hosted by Jenni and Hilarión in Rojales. The weather was Spanish but the food and the beer was totally German–wonderful!
November began with my first ever trip to Vienna, to attend a conference there. It started terribly, thanks to the utter incompetence of Iberia, Spain’s old national airline. The picture below will give you an idea. For the details, look at the special web site I set up to express my disdain for this joke of an airline.
But once I got to Vienna, I fell in love with the city. So much wonderful art–just like Rome, except that the streets are clean and the public transport works.
November 11th is the anniversary of the end of World War One, but it is also Poland’s independence day. So the Polish people at my office arranged a festive lunch to celebrate the day. As this was a Polish event, the vodka flowed freely.
Later that month, Aixa and I went to visit Monica in North Wales. We spent an afternoon across the border in Chester, a beautiful town. However, English weather in November is not the best.
But thanks to all this rain, the Welsh countryside is lush and green. This is a view of Monica’s house in Bodelwyddan as seen from the neighbouring farm.
We visited Bodelwyddan Castle which provides wonderful views of the surrounding countryside.
Rainbow over the Marble Church, Bodelwyddan
There are many interesting things to see inside the castle. One of the interesting bits was an old-fashioned photo studio where period clothes are available to the visitor.
We drove around the countryside and visited the various towns and the coast. There is a certain stark beauty there.
On Monday morning we said goodbye to Monica, who posed for one last picture in her NHS Wales uniform.
We flew home from Liverpool. There is a statue of John Lennon in the airport terminal. I really “dug” that.
As we usually do, we celebrated Thanksgiving on the last Saturday in November. We invite our Spanish friends and Aixa makes all the traditional Thanksgiving foods.
I had to be in Paris on November 30th for some meetings at the OECD. I took advantage of the opportunity and travelled to France the day before so that I could visit uncle Joseph in Le Mans.
We had dinner with his daughter Isabelle who lives very close, just a few minutes walk.
The next day I took an early morning train to Paris and spent the day at the very fancy Château, part of the OECD headquarters in the 16th arrondissement.
Before flying home the next day, I had just enough time to visit Place de la République to see the Marianne monument which had become the focal point for people to pay their respects to the victims of the terrorist attacks in November.
Back in Alicante, there is a more modest impromptu memorial on the main seaside esplanade.
There was a parliamentary election in Spain just before Christmas. The campaign here is short, only about 3 weeks, and quite low key.
The approaching holiday was in evidence both in the streets of Alicante and at our office.
A few days before Christmas, we released a report on counterfeit toys. The press conference was held at a toy factory in Ibi, a town near Alicante. Not the typical corporate setting.
My colleagues Claire and Carolina with the genuine and fake articles.
The holiday season officially started with the arrival of Monica.
We had a Danish Christmas lunch at the office.
On December 22nd, I drove to Madrid and picked up Moses who flew in from Philadelphia. A few hours and 440 km later, the family was re-united, and the holidays had truly begun.
On Christmas Eve, we had our holiday dinner of turkey and other assorted goodies. Cheeta just waited patiently on the kitchen terrace.
But then she took a more active interest in the proceedings.
Moses got to do the honours.
On Christmas morning, Monica is waiting for the distribution of presents to begin. She and Moses are now adults, but on this day they are children again.
At the end of the gift exchange, we made the official Christmas portrait for 2015.
Between Christmas and New Year, we just relaxed, watched football on TV, and I took advantage of the good weather to cycle in the mountains.
We welcomed 2016 at our favourite restaurant, La Ereta.
And that was the year that came and went.
Some people might say that I never fully did. And of course, growing up is a long and gradual process. But in my mind, there is one particular date that stands out, and if I were to pick a date on which I lost the illusions of my youth, it would be 9th December 1980, early in the morning.
I had recently turned 20 and was studying economics at the University of Aarhus in my hometown in Denmark. I lived in a large student housing complex in the suburbs of Aarhus, Skjoldhøjkollegiet. That particular Tuesday morning was an ordinary one. I woke up and began the morning resuscitation ritual, involving strong coffee and such, in preparation for the day at the university. But then I turned on the radio… Just a couple of hours earlier, around 11 p.m. on 8th December local time, John Lennon had been shot and killed outside his apartment building in New York.
I had been a Beatles fan for many years. Unfortunately, since the band stopped touring when I was 7 years old and broke up when I was 10, I never had the chance to see them live. For a decade, I had held on to a dream–that one day they would reunite and make some more of that wonderful music that I so loved. But on that December morning 35 years ago, I suddenly knew that my childhood/adolescence dream would never be fulfilled. Childhood was well and truly over.
When I am in New York, whenever I have the time, I go to Central Park and visit Strawberry Fields. And just recently, I had the pleasure of flying home from Liverpool’s John Lennon Airport, where he is honoured with a statue in the departure hall.
Imagine there’s no heaven
It’s easy if you try
No hell below us
Above us only sky
Imagine all the people living for today
Imagine there’s no countries
It isn’t hard to do
Nothing to kill or die for
And no religion too
Imagine all the people living life in peace, you
You may say I’m a dreamer
But I’m not the only one
I hope some day you’ll join us
And the world will be as one
Imagine no possessions
I wonder if you can
No need for greed or hunger
A brotherhood of man
Imagine all the people sharing all the world, you
I do not remember how I first became aware of Jim Shulman. I joined the Leica Users Group mailing list in 1998. At some point I noticed this guy from Philadelphia who not only posted great pictures but also seemed to be very witty. I think the first time I met Jim in person was in 2004, when we were visiting the US, not least to show our children the places where they were born, and had lunch with Jim and Kyle Cassidy somewhere in the centre of Philadelphia.
Then, in 2011, I was spending a few days in Washington and took the train up to Philadelphia to visit Jim and his husband John.
I was treated to a ride in their awesome supertanker on wheels, complete with all the correct period equipment, and then to a dinner which I still remember as one of the funniest evenings I have ever spent. Imagine a group of 5 or 6 guys, telling true stories from their past careers, most of them absolutely hilarious but also not fit to print 😉
Jim also showed me a type of Pennsylvania cultural institution that I had never visited before: a drive-in liquor store.
And he took me to Hymie’s, a true temple of Jewish deli-ness.
In 2012, we were on another family vacation in the US, and on the way home from California we had a 12-hour layover in Philadelphia. Jim met us at the airport at 6 a.m., took us for breakfast at Hymie’s and then entertained us in his home before taking us back to the airport for our flight home.
Jim and John have a beautiful home with many antique record players and lots of other decorations from the 1920s–just something for my wife. And Jim is a veritable fount of information and stories about his neighbourhood, where he seems to know everybody and everybody seems to know him.
And just this week, Jim and John welcomed my son Moses into their home for an overnight stay, since he is moving from Buffalo to Landsdale, not far from Philadelphia.
Why am I telling all this? Because I find it really neat that something that started out as an online acquaintance on a photography mailing list has morphed into a friendship in the real world. And I have made several other friends over the years during my now 17 years on that Leica list.
Last Thursday, October 12th, was Spain’s national day. This day is known as Columbus Day in the USA and used to be called Día de la Hispanidad in Spain. Now it is simply called “Fiesta Nacional de España” but the origin of the date remains the same: October 12th is the anniversary of Columbus “discovery” of America, specifically his landing in the Bahamas in 1492.
Many of my thoughtful Spanish friends and colleagues exhibit a certain uneasiness about this holiday, and nobody I know actually celebrates it. It is just a day off, nothing else. The reason is obvious. One cannot celebrate the beginning of Spain’s colonisation of the Americas without considering what it meant for the native peoples in the newly “discovered” lands. The conquistadores did not just take the Native American land and gold. In many cases, they committed what we today would consider crimes against humanity or even genocide.
It is a disturbing feature of Spain that such a day is still celebrated. After all, Germany does not celebrate Hitler’s birthday, say, or the anniversary of his attack on Poland or any other date related to Nazism. Now, the reader might say that Columbus was not Hitler; of course not, but still one cannot help but notice similarities between the racist ideology underlying Nazism and the racist ideology used to justify the conquests in the 16th century. In both cases the world was divided into “Übermenschen” and “Untermenschen”, with the latter having to accept the supremacy of the former or perish. We just do not care that much about what happened to the American Indians because it happened five hundred years ago and on the other side of the ocean, rather than within the lifespan of many people still with us today and on our own continent.
It would be much better to simply discard October 12th as a holiday and stick to December 6th, the anniversary of the referendum that approved the post-Franco democratic constitution in 1978, as this country’s national day.
I have always found it an absurd notion that corporations have “human rights” such as the freedom of speech guaranteed in the First Amendment to the US Constitution. Human rights should be reserved for humans. The whole point of a corporation is the principle of limited liability–the owners can only lose what they have invested in the company, whatever other assets they own are off limits. Given this impersonal nature of a corporation, the idea that it has “rights” is plainly wrong.
I think that so far my left-wing friends are with me all the way. But the flip side is that if corporations should not have rights, then they also should not be punished for wrongdoing. As an example, consider the scandal with the GM faulty airbags currently unfolding. Apparently GM knew that there was a problem for several years and did nothing about it. But what is GM? GM is a legal construct, but it does not make decisions. People make decisions. Imagine for the moment that the company is punished. In the extreme, the punishment is so severe that it puts the company out of business. Who is really punished in this case? The shareholders lose the value of their shares, sure. Assuming that they have reasonably diversified portfolios, this is only a minor annoyance. The executives who made the decisions to engage in wrongdoing will lose their jobs, but don’t cry for them–given the obscene levels of executive pay, they don’t need to work the rest of their lives anyway. The people who really suffer in such situations are the rank-and-file workers who lose their jobs and are left high and dry while the bosses who are really the guilty ones retire to the Hamptons.
So, what is the solution? Should companies get off scott-free? Of course not. But if the decisions are made by people, then it is those people who should be punished. It is remarkable that even though banks and other financial institutions have paid billions in fines in the wake of the financial crisis, hardly any executives have gone to prison. In fact, aside from the most blatant fraudsters like Bernie Madoff, I cannot think of any.
Now, some people would argue that punishment does not reduce crime and is applied in a socially unfair manner (think of all the young black men in prison in the US for trivial drug offenses). But here is an opportunity to really use the threat of prison in a constructive way. Executives considering committing economic crime will most certainly be deterred if the probability of getting caught and the severity of the sentence are high enough. It is just a matter of calculation.
What if the wrongdoing is the responsibility of a single worker? Why should the boss then go to jail? There are at least two good answers to this. Firstly, the case of the renegade “lone wolf” is very rare; most of the time, corporate wrongdoing is managed or at least encouraged, at the very top. Secondly, even if this is not the case, the boss is responsible for the actions of his underlings. It is his job to know what is happening on his watch. This may seem unfair, but hey, these guys (and they are mostly guys) get paid big bucks, so a bit of risk to go along with it seems only right.
Just as I did at the end of last year, in the waning days of 2013 I take stock of the year, focusing on the positive events.
The year started at restaurant La Ereta here in Alicante, where my children and I spent New Year’s Eve. It was nice to have them here with me, while my wife was visiting her family in Puerto Rico.
Later in January, my friend Lars came to visit, as he does every year at this time, and we indulged in our passions of quality beer and quality cycling.
One day we cycled up to the village of Tibi, reaching an altitude of 750 meters, higher than I have ever cycled before.
Nothing particularly special happened in February. I was in Brussels a couple of times, something that was to repeat itself many times during the year. During one of those February trips I visited my friend Jan in the Flemish countryside, near Dendermonde. The next morning I took a very invigorating walk, enjoying the crisp winter weather.
In March, both Moses and Monica came home for Easter from their respective UK universities, so once again, the family was together. I went shopping with them, looking for essential supplies at Rincón de la Cerveza, my favourite beer shop.
The highlight of April was another trip to Brussels, made special by a mini-family reunion arranged by my cousin Nicole. My dear uncle Joseph had come from Le Mans…
…and my uncle Zvi from Israel, with his delightful Ela:
We indulged in the best of Belgian culture:
…and French culture, too:
In May, there were no big family events (besides my daughter’s 19th birthday), but I had a couple of nice trips to Brussels and to London. During the trip to Brussels, I took one of my favourite pictures of the year on the metro:
And later in May, I was in London and was invited for dinner at the National Liberal Club by the Chief Economist of the UK Intellectual Property Office, Tony Clayton. Photography is not allowed inside the club, but already from the outside, one gets a feeling for the history of the place:
The highlight of June was a wonderful, day-long lunch at the country home of our friends Hilarión and Carmen in Almoradí. Hilarión makes the best rice in the world:
In July, my son Moses turned 24, but more about him later. The main event for me was a 4-day cycling tour of southern Jutland with my best friend Lars. Last year I did my first multi-day tour, also with Lars in Denmark, but we had to cut it short because of severe (as in: bleeding) saddle sores on my butt. This year, I had a better saddle and more experience, and we were able to complete the route as planned. We cycled 420 km in 4 days, even crossing the border into Germany on Day 2, thus making it my first international bicycle tour ever.
And how sweet it was to get back to Aarhus and enjoy our moral victory!
After my cycling trip, we moved to the unquestionable highlight of the year, my son’s graduation with his MEng degree from the University of Bath. It was an unexpectedly emotional occasion for me: when I think that Moses is the grandson of a man from eastern Poland, who grew up in poverty and whose family was almost completely wiped out in the Holocaust…and here, a couple of generations later, my son was receiving a degree from a prestigious English university, at Bath Abbey, the site where the first king of united England was crowned in the 10th century!
We flew to Bristol, rented a car, drove to Bath and the family was reunited:
Bath is one of the most beautiful places in the world, and during the five years my son studied there, I have had the privilege of visiting from time to time and enjoying views like this:
But this trip was about Moses’s big day. Here he is, just before the ceremony in Bath Abbey. It brought me immense pleasure that he chose to wear my Liverpool Football Club tie for the ceremony. I have supported this club since early childhood, and have tried to bring up my children in the True Faith. Evidently, I have succeeded!
And then, the big moment…
Afterwards, we enjoyed a glass of champagne in the magnificent Pump Room. Our family certainly has come a long way from 1930s Lublin.
In early August, we went on a cruise around the Mediterranean. I was somewhat skeptical about the idea, since I do not like regimented environments, but at the end of the week I must admit that spending the time with my family in these surroundings was nice:
August 13th was Aixa’s and mine 30th wedding anniversary. Our children prepared a sumptuous breakfast for us:
At the end of August, there were a lot of tearful goodbyes. Monica had to go back to Cardiff to re-sit some exams she had failed back in June, and Moses was going to fly off to California in early September to start his first “real” job. We all knew that things would be different from now on.
August 25th was our last evening together. My two beautiful children raise a glass to their future, using quality Belgian beer:
I spent the last week of August with Monica in Cardiff. We were basically cooped up in a hotel in Cardiff Bay, where she studied for her exams while I took care of various logistics. But there was also some time to enjoy the good weather and the nice surroundings:
And I got to meet Shaun, Monica’s boyfriend.
And yes–Monica passed all her re-sit exams and is now in her 2nd year at Cardiff Metropolitan University.
In September, I spent 3 days on business in Ispra in Northern Italy, and we were staying at a hotel on the shores of one of the many lakes in the region, in a small town called Gavirate. A beautiful part of the world, indeed.
Later in September, I had the pleasure of spending a couple of days in Barcelona in the company of my good friend Lluis who lives there, and visiting photographers from Australia, the UK, elsewhere in Europe, and the US. These meetings in Barcelona are becoming an annual tradition, at least I hope so!
In October, my sister and brother-in-law came to visit, as they do every year at this time. On October 13th, my sister turned 68. I don’t think her age shows. And my brother-in-law turned 76 in January 2014. He too is keeping well.
And later in October, I got to visit a new (to me) country for the first time, Malta, where I was invited to present a major research paper I had been working on with my team and which had been made public at the end of September. During the autumn, I had numerous invitations to make public presentations of this work, and one such occasion was meeting of the European Community Trademark Association council in Malta. The main industry of the island is tourism, and the part where I stayed, St Julians, is impressive and ugly at the same time. This was the view from my hotel balcony:
In November, I made my usual trip to Denmark to visit my father’s grave on the anniversary of his death.
But I also enjoyed Copenhagen, as I always do, with visits to the Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, and walks along the lakes in Østerbro, where my friend Beata lives.
As part of my work, I have made many trips to Brussels during 2013. I enjoy the city and once in a while I get together with my cousin Nicole who lives close to the European quarter where I usually stay. During one of my visits in November, I thus walked through the Parc Cinquantennaire in the evening, rang Nicole’s doorbell, and to my delight uncle Joseph from Le Mans was waiting inside! He had come to visit his daughter and he timed his visit so that he would see me as well. I had already seen him earlier in the year, but this was a total surprise. A delightful evening ensued.
In late November, the first winter storm of the season hit Spain. In Alicante it never snows or freezes, but sometimes the winter comes close. Here is a view of the mountains from the beach in El Campello:
November ended on a nice note. I was invited to give a talk at the University of Strasbourg, which gave me the chance to visit that city properly for the first time, and to meet my friends Philippe and Alice on their home turf.
And back home, we finished the month by inviting some of our Spanish friends for a traditional Thanksgiving dinner. My wife worked all day to prepare it, and had a very interested spectator most of the time.
In early December, I had another “trip of a lifetime”, my first-ever visit to South Korea. Seoul turned out to be a fantastic, huge, incredibly vibrant city, uniting the modern and the traditional, as is often the case in East Asia.
The modernity was evident as soon as I checked into my hotel and went to use the toilet. This is the electronic control unit (and all I wanted to do was to flush…):
But later that same evening, I found myself walking around the Kwangjang street market, eating delicious food, and making new friends:
Of course, I was not in Seoul for pleasure; this was a business trip–I was part of the EU delegation to a meeting of the five largest trademark offices in the world, which this year was hosted by the Korean Intellectual Property Office.
I have put together a substantial gallery of my Seoul pictures here.
The year ended at home in Alicante. It was a typical December, with some rain but also some nice days for cycling in the countryside:
And finally, on December 30th I travelled to Poland to spend the New Year with my sister and brother-in-law. I flew to Dresden in eastern Germany, and they picked me up there. As soon as we arrived in their garage, which also serves as an extension of their pantry, we toasted my arrival:
The next day was New Year’s Eve, and I prepared a drink called “Wściekły Pies”, or “Mad Dog”. The ingredients are vodka, sweet syrup, pepper, hot sauce and more vodka. As can be seen, the syrup collects at the bottom; the idea is to empty the glass in one gulp so that the sweetness at the end makes up for the pepper, hot sauce and vodka that precedes it:
And on this boozy note, the year ended. Like 2012, it was a year of transition for our family. In 2012, Monica left home to attend university in Wales. This year, Moses finished university and crossed the ocean to begin his working life. We miss him but we are happy and proud of him too. Such is life. The nest is empty, but we still have each other and our four-legged companions:
